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Water is the chemical to which fabricated
products are exposed most frequently. Water and high temperatures
such as those used during processing can cause hydrolytic
degradation by attacking the carbonate linkages, breaking
the polycarbonate polymer chain, and lowering impact and
tensile strength.
As with most chemical reactions, the rate
of attack depends on time and temperature. At standard
room temperatures, there is no noticeable loss of properties
after many years of contact with water. Contact with
water at 140¡ÆF (60¡ÆC) and intermittent contact at temperatures
up to 212¡ÆF (100¡ÆC) may have little effect on properties.
Severe conditions, such as those in steam autoclaves,
however, may alter the clarity and toughness of the
polymer faster. Therefore, the use of polycarbonate
in such applications is limited and dependent on the
autoclave cycle time and temperature.
Because the primary effect of hydrolysis
is reduction of molecular weight, selection of a low melt
flow rate (high molecular weight) CALIBRE*
polycarbonate resin will assure the greatest possible
retention of resin properties. This is why proper drying
of polycarbonate resins is critical in obtaining the best
performance from the polymer. For specific information
on drying, refer to the "Processing Guidelines"
section.
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| Chemical
Resistance Ratings of CALIBRE Polycarbonate Resins at 73¢µ(23¡É),50% RH |
General
Reagents |
Acids,
dilute |
Acids,
concentrated |
Alkalis |
Organic
solvents
Alcohols
|
Organic
solvents
Chlorinated
hydrocarbons |
Organic
solvents
Aromatic
hydrocarbons |
Organic
solvents
Aliphatic
hydrocarbons |
Cooking
oils |
Resistance
Rating |
Good |
Fair-Good |
Poor-Fair |
Good |
Poor |
Poor |
Poor-Fair |
Good |
General
Reagents |
Lubricating
oils |
photo-
chemicals |
Detergents |
Ester |
Ketones |
Phenols |
Salts
Acidic |
Salts
Basic |
Salts
Neutral |
Resistance
Rating |
Good |
Good |
Good |
Poor |
Poor |
Good |
Good |
Fair |
Fair |
Specific
Reagents |
Zinc
Stearate |
Ethylene
glycol |
Methanol,
ethanol |
Acetone |
Motor oil |
Gasoline |
Brake fluid |
Methylene
chloride |
Trichloroethane |
Resistance
Rating |
Poor |
Good |
Good |
Poor |
Good |
Fair |
Poor |
Poor |
Poor |
The information provided in the previous table is
a brief general guide to the chemical resistance of
CALIBRE resins. Testing was conducted using ASTM D 543
and other similar methods in which product specimens
with low internal stresses are weighed and tested for
tensile strength, then immersed in the reagent for a
period of 180 days. Upon removal, any change in weight
and/or tensile strength are recorded, with resistance
ratings defined as follow:
Good - Little or no reduction in physical properties;
change in weight under 1 percent and change in tensile
strength under 5 percent.
Fair - Some reduction in physical properties occurs
after long exposure, with either a change in weight
of more than 1 percent or a change in tensile strength
of more than 5 percent.
Poor - Significant changes in physical properties after
short exposure to the substance, with both a change
in weight of more than 1 percent and a change in tensile
strength of more than 5 percent. Use of CALIBRE polycarbonate
resins is not recommended in these applications.
NOTE : Ratings listed are only indications and should
not be interpreted as absolute proof of resistance of
any part against a certain reagent. Testing of the actual
parts under actual conditions of exposure is recommended
to provide a more accurate indication of performance.
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